BHAKTI MOVEMENT
The Word bhakti is drive from the word Bhakta- meaning to serve, honor, revere, love, and adore. This word occurs for the first time in UPANISHAD where it appears with the co-doctrine of grace and self-surrender. Bhakti moments spawned into several different movements all across Northern and Southern India.
In the north although the emphasis was the Vaishnavism, instead of being focused on Vishnu, it chose to focus itself on Vishnu human incarnations Rama and Krishna the respective Avtar central two epics Ramayana- Sita, Ram and Rukmini and Mahabharat or Radha with Krishna.
Image of this deity and their consort installed in the temple where we worship. The path of bhakti wer not directly accessible to the lower cast for them the path of Pragati was prescrib. Singing of bhajans and dancing form is an important part of worship. The dance form in which the Devadasis were inside the temple but Nagar Vadhu outside. Worship tended to be intensely emotional.
Bhakti saints
In the 11th century, Ramanujan tried to assimilate bhakti to the traditional Vedas. He argued the grace of God was more important than knowledge about him to attend salvation. The traditions established by Ramanuja was followed by several thinkers such as Madhvacharya , Ramananda, vallabhacharya, and others
Ramdas
He established an ashram all over India it was from him that Shivaji received the inspiration to overcome Muslim authority and found the kingdom.
Guru Nanak
He was a mystique of Nirguna school but his followers’ branch of from Hinduism and in the north through the empire was the Vishnu wisdom but instead of being focuses on Vishnu, it chose to focus itself on Vishnu human in creation Rama and Krishna their respective avtars central to epic Ramayana- Sita, Ram and Rukmini or Mahabharata or Radha and Krishn with a patient a separate religion system. He becomes a wandering preacher of a casteless universal, ethical, anti-ritualistic and monotheistic, and highly spiritual religion.
Surdas
He belonged to Saguna school. Discipline of famous religious teacher Vallabhacharya. He sang the glory of Krishna’s childhood and youth in his sursagar.
Tulsi Das
He belongs to the Saguna school of Hindu Mystics. He composed a famous Ramcharitmanas.
Adi Shankaracharya
The period after Gupta is marked by the revival and expansion of Hinduism and the continued decline of Jainism and Buddhism. He is called a Mathas or Peethams.
Aquinas of Hinduism since he reduces some of the self-contradictory passengers of Upanishads into one consistent system. He pronounce the doctrine of Advatia. according to this philosophy, there wer various level of truth. On a lower level, the world was create as Brahma. But on the highest level the whole universe Maya.
On the highest level of all universe is Maya the only ultimate reality was Brahma the imperials world soul. according to Shankara God and the created world were one. he wrote excellent commentaries on Bhagwadigita and Upanishads. after his death 4 mathas were established into Sringeri.
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